Puppy and dog vaccination schedule in India
Updated By PetymFacts checked against official sources on
Quick answer
In India a puppy's core vaccine, usually written DHPPi, starts at 6 to 8 weeks and is repeated every 2 to 4 weeks until 16 weeks or older. Rabies starts at 12 weeks or older, leptospirosis needs two doses 2 to 4 weeks apart, and WSAVA advises a booster at about 26 weeks.
After the first year the guidelines split. WSAVA and AAHA say the core viral vaccines need boosting no more often than every 3 years, while ICAR-IVRI lists every vaccine yearly. Rabies is usually yearly in India and leptospirosis is yearly everywhere. Your vet decides the schedule, and for anything urgent, call your vet.
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A typical puppy schedule (exact ages depend on the vaccine, follow the leaflet and your vet)
| What | The rule | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 6 to 8 weeks | First core dose: distemper + adenovirus (CAV-2) + parvovirus, often combined with parainfluenza (DHPPi). Not before 6 weeks in the routine series; for a high-risk puppy a vet may give a special extra dose from 4 weeks. | WSAVA |
| Every 2 to 4 weeks after | Repeat the core combination. ICAR-IVRI's calendar shows doses at 6 to 8, 10 to 12 and 12 to 16 weeks, so its last puppy dose can fall before 16 weeks; WSAVA and AAHA want one at 16 weeks or older. | ICAR-IVRI |
| From about 8 to 12 weeks | Leptospirosis dose 1 (WSAVA: usually from 8 weeks; AAHA and ACVIM: 12 weeks or later; ICAR-IVRI: 10 to 12 weeks). | WSAVA |
| 2 to 4 weeks later | Leptospirosis dose 2: two doses are needed to protect. | WSAVAstudy |
| 12 weeks or older | Rabies dose 1. | ICAR-IVRI |
| 21 days after the first rabies dose | ICAR-IVRI's leaflet adds a second dose 21 days after the first. A TANUVAS study advised a booster 3 to 4 weeks after the first dose, because two doses kept antibodies higher. WSAVA's schedule does not include this early dose. | ICAR-IVRI |
| 16 weeks or older | The last core dose of the puppy series, the most important one. 18 to 20 weeks may be better where the risk is high. | WSAVAstudy |
| About 26 weeks | A core booster (WSAVA 2024 advises it at or shortly after 26 weeks; its 2016 guidelines allowed 26 to 52 weeks), to protect the few puppies the earlier doses missed. AAHA and the Merck manual give the first booster within a year of the puppy series. | WSAVAstudy |
| About 1 year | A health check, rabies, and any non-core vaccines your vet advises. | WSAVAstudy |
How often adult dogs need boosters: the sources disagree
| Option | WSAVA 2024 | AAHA 2022 | ICAR-IVRI (India) | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core (distemper, adenovirus, parvo) | At 3 years of age, then no more often than every 3 years | Every 3 years; annual boosters not necessary | Every year | WSAVA |
| Leptospirosis | Every year (as a precaution, restart with 2 doses if 18 months or more have passed) | Every year | Every year in high-risk areas | WSAVAstudy |
| Rabies | Local law first, then the product leaflet | 1 year after the first dose, then per label and law | Every year | ICAR-IVRI |
| Canine coronavirus | Not recommended | Not stated | Every year in endemic or high-risk areas | ICAR-IVRI |
Why does a puppy need so many vaccine doses?
Because antibodies from the mother can block a vaccine, and nobody can tell without a blood test when they fade in a given puppy.
A puppy gets antibodies from its mother's first milk. They protect it for the first weeks of life, but they also stop a vaccine from working. How long they last varies from puppy to puppy, so vets give a series of doses until one takes. That is why the dose at 16 weeks or older matters most, and why WSAVA's 2024 guidelines add a booster at or shortly after 26 weeks: it catches the small number of puppies whose earlier doses were blocked, instead of leaving them unprotected until the first yearly check.
Spacing matters too. WSAVA says vaccines should not be given more often than every 2 weeks, and AAHA advises at least 2 weeks between vaccines. Giving doses closer together does not finish the course sooner. If you adopt a puppy whose first dose was given by a breeder or a pet shop, bring whatever record came with it, because your vet will plan the rest of the series from that date.
Merck's puppy care advice is to keep a puppy away from unvaccinated dogs, and from dogs whose vaccine status is unknown, until it is about 4 months old and its vaccines are finished. PDSA says a dog is fully protected 2 to 4 weeks after its final injection. In an Indian city, where many dogs share society gardens, lift lobbies and roadsides, that means the first walks on shared ground wait for your vet's go-ahead.
What do DHPPi, DHPPiL and 9-in-1 mean on a dog's vaccination card?
Indian cards usually show letters or a peel-off sticker from the vial. These are the parts you will see.
- D: distemper
- Canine distemper virus, which can attack the skin, airways, gut and nerves. Core for every dog. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
- H or A2: hepatitis (adenovirus)
- Infectious canine hepatitis, prevented by the canine adenovirus type 2 vaccine. US cards often write A2 instead of H. Core. MSD Animal Health Indonesia
- P: parvovirus
- Canine parvovirus, the severe gut virus that hits puppies between 6 weeks and 6 months hardest. Core. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
- Pi: parainfluenza
- One of the causes of kennel cough. WSAVA lists it as non-core, but it comes in most combinations. WSAVAstudy
- L or L4: leptospirosis
- The Leptospira bacteria carried in rat urine. Vaccines carry one to four types, and L4 means four. WSAVAstudy
- C or CCoV: coronavirus
- Canine enteric coronavirus, added to some combinations. WSAVA lists this vaccine as not recommended; ICAR-IVRI lists it yearly in endemic or high-risk areas. Indian Veterinary Journal (2020), Madras Veterinary Collegestudy
- ARV or anti-rabies
- The rabies vaccine, always on its own line. City licences and airlines check this line first. Municipal Corporation of Delhi
- 7-in-1 or 9-in-1
- A maker's count of components, not a veterinary term. We found no veterinary body that defines it; read the sticker to see what is covered. WSAVAstudy
Why is the rabies vaccine core for every dog in India?
Because rabies is endemic across almost all of India and is virtually always fatal once signs appear.
Rabies is endemic in every Indian state and union territory except the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep. The World Health Organization says it is virtually 100% fatal once clinical signs appear, that dogs are responsible for up to 99% of human rabies cases, and that mass vaccination of dogs is the most cost-effective way to protect people. India's National Action Plan aims to eliminate dog-mediated rabies by 2030, and vaccinating dogs is at its centre.
WSAVA treats rabies vaccine as core wherever rabies is endemic, even where no law requires it. Rabies vaccines are licensed for either 1 or 3 years, and WSAVA warns that a vaccine licensed for 1 year should not be assumed to last 3. India's National Centre for Disease Control and ICAR-IVRI advise vaccinating pets every year, so a yearly booster is the usual advice here.
On the first course, Indian and global advice differ. ICAR-IVRI's leaflet gives a second dose 21 days after the first, and a TANUVAS study at Madras Veterinary College found two doses kept antibody levels higher. WSAVA's schedule has one dose at 12 weeks or older, then a booster a year later. Both are reasonable; your vet will choose and write the dates on the card.
Is dog vaccination compulsory in India?
No single central law sets a schedule, but the rules that do apply all point to a current vaccine and a kept record.
Word for word
To minimize the risk of dog bites among children, it is recommended that the pet ownership policies should be formulated and implemented, including mandatory registration, sterilization, and maintenance of vaccination records for all pet animals.
That advisory binds no owner until a state or city adopts it. What already applies: the Animal Birth Control Rules, 2023 make the owner of a pet dog responsible for its deworming, vaccination and sterilisation, and city licences ask for proof. Delhi's MCD wants an anti-rabies certificate from a registered vet and ends the registration when that vaccination expires. Mumbai's BMC asks for rabies and leptospirosis certificates, signed and stamped. AWBI advises owners to vaccinate their pets and keep the record readily available.
Does my dog need the leptospirosis vaccine in India?
Most vets in India will advise it, because the disease rises every monsoon and can pass to people.
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease spread in the urine of rats and other animals. Dogs catch it from contaminated water or soil, through cuts or soft wet skin on the paws, or by eating an infected rat, and the bacteria survive a long time in surface water. It mostly damages the kidneys or liver, and an infected dog can shed the bacteria in its urine for weeks or months, which is a risk to the family.
WSAVA's 2024 guidelines call the vaccine core wherever the disease occurs, the disease-causing types are known and a suitable vaccine exists. In India the types have not been firmly established: most Indian studies, such as one from Namakkal in Tamil Nadu, measured antibodies, which show exposure but cannot reliably tell which types cause disease. ACVIM's 2023 consensus advises yearly vaccination for all dogs, ICAR-IVRI advises it yearly in high-risk areas, and the Health Ministry's 2026 pre-monsoon advisory asks pet owners to consider vaccinating and to keep pet areas clean and free of rodents.
The vaccine protects for a shorter time than the core viral vaccines, so it is repeated every year. The southwest monsoon normally reaches Kerala in early June, so many owners book the yearly dose before then. If 18 months or more pass without a booster, WSAVA advises starting again with two doses 2 to 4 weeks apart, which leaves a gap of several weeks. Ask your vet which vaccine covers the most types.
What does an adult dog's vaccine year look like in India?
Petym's practical calendar, built from the guidelines on this page. Your vet sets the actual dates.
Each year, on the date on the card
Rabies booster. In Delhi the dog's registration lapses with the vaccination, so book it before the due date, not after. Municipal Corporation of Delhi
Before the monsoon, by late May
Leptospirosis booster, timed before puddles, drains and floodwater become part of every walk. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Monsoon months
Ticks on dogs were found most often in the monsoon in Indian studies, though present all year. No vaccine on the card covers tick fever, so keep up the tick control your vet recommends. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology (2016), Madras Veterinary Collegestudy
Every 3 years, or yearly, as your vet decides
Core DHPPi booster: every 3 years under WSAVA and AAHA, every year under ICAR-IVRI. WSAVA
Before any stay, trip or day care
Kennel cough vaccine if the host asks for it, given far enough ahead for the type of vaccine. Ask your vet at least two weeks before. PDSA
Once a year at least
A health check. Older dogs vaccinated more than 3 years earlier were less likely to keep protective antibodies in one study, so WSAVA suggests boosting older dogs every 3 years or perhaps more often. Veterinary Sciences (2023), University of Milanstudy
What happens if a puppy misses its vaccines, and which signs need a vet?
The diseases the core vaccines prevent are serious and costly to treat. If you see these signs in an unvaccinated or part-vaccinated dog, call your vet the same day.
If Lethargy, then poor appetite and vomiting in a young puppy
Call the vet now. These are the first signs of parvovirus, which is shed in faeces and survives a long time on floors and grass. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
If Bloody diarrhoea, fever and dehydration
Emergency. No medicine kills parvovirus; treatment is intensive supportive care, often in hospital, and 70 to 90% of dogs survive with proper care. Merck Veterinary Manual
If Eye and nose discharge with a cough in an unvaccinated puppy
See a vet. Distemper spreads in droplets, there is no specific cure, and some dogs do not survive despite treatment. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
If Dullness, vomiting, drinking much more or passing little urine after wet walks
Same-day vet visit, and say the dog walked through floodwater: these point to leptospirosis and kidney damage. Merck Veterinary Manual
If Yellow gums, skin or whites of the eyes
Emergency: a sign of liver failure, seen in leptospirosis. Merck Veterinary Manual
If Your dog was bitten by another animal, or bit a person
Call your vet the same day with the vaccination card. A bitten person should wash the wound with soap and water for at least 15 minutes and see a doctor without delay. World Health Organization
What can a puppy do before its vaccines are finished?
Socialising cannot wait four months, but shared ground can. This is how vets balance the two.
Do
- Carry your puppy out to see the street, the society and people; PDSA says this is fine as long as it stays off the ground in public places. PDSA
- Start gentle, careful socialisation before the series is complete, with healthy puppies and fully vaccinated adult dogs you know. American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior
- Use a balcony tray or newspaper as the toilet spot until your vet says the society garden is safe. Merck Veterinary Manual
- Keep deworming on the schedule your vet sets; tropical guidelines start puppies at 2 weeks of age. Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites
- Wash hands and change shoes after handling other dogs, because parvovirus travels on objects. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
Don’t
- Put the puppy down in lift lobbies, parks or roadside patches where many dogs pass. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
- Let it meet community dogs or dogs whose vaccine status is unknown before about 4 months. Merck Veterinary Manual
- Send it to a busy boarding home or day care before the course is done. Merck Veterinary Manual
- Let it paddle in puddles or floodwater in the monsoon. Merck Veterinary Manual
- Squeeze doses closer than 2 weeks apart to finish sooner. WSAVAstudy
What do Indian dog owners get wrong about vaccines?
You may have read
My dog lives in a flat and never meets other dogs, so it does not need vaccines.
Myth
What the sources say
WSAVA says all dogs should get core vaccines. Parvovirus is hardy and carried in on shoes and objects, and rabies can reach any dog through a single bite. WSAVAstudy
You may have read
A 9-in-1 vaccine is better than DHPPi.
Myth
What the sources say
Not necessarily. No veterinary body defines 9-in-1, and some combinations add coronavirus, which WSAVA does not recommend. What matters is the core parts and the Leptospira types. WSAVAstudy
You may have read
Indie dogs are tough and do not need vaccinating.
Myth
What the sources say
WSAVA's core vaccines are for every dog, whatever its breed. Parvovirus hits young puppies of any breed hardest. Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine
You may have read
A vaccinated dog cannot get leptospirosis.
Myth
What the sources say
It is possible. Each vaccine covers one to four of the many Leptospira types, and the types causing disease in India are not firmly known. Avoiding floodwater and rats still matters. ACVIM (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2023)study
You may have read
Once a puppy has had three shots, it is done for life.
Myth
What the sources say
WSAVA advises a booster at about 26 weeks, rabies and leptospirosis are repeated, and adult core boosters follow your vet's schedule. WSAVAstudy
You may have read
If my vaccinated dog bites someone, there is no rabies risk.
Myth
What the sources say
India's rabies guidelines say vaccinated animals can still transmit rabies if the vaccination was ineffective. The bitten person should see a doctor the same day. National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
My dog's vaccines are late or its history is unknown. What now?
Do not panic, and do not skip the next dose. Call your vet, who decides; these are the usual starting points.
If A core booster is a few weeks or months late
Book the vet now. PDSA says a dog may keep protection for 2 to 3 months after a booster was due, then is at risk; WSAVA notes most adults regain protection quickly after one dose. PDSA
If The leptospirosis booster is 18 months or more overdue
Expect two doses 2 to 4 weeks apart, as WSAVA advises, and keep the dog away from floodwater until the course is done. WSAVAstudy
If The rabies booster has lapsed
Get it done before any trip, stay or licence renewal; Delhi's registration ends when the vaccination expires. Pet registration in India Municipal Corporation of Delhi
If You adopted an adult or community dog with no record
Your vet will usually start a fresh course. WSAVA supports blood antibody tests for distemper, adenovirus and parvovirus to help decide, where a laboratory offers them. WSAVAstudy
If You lost the vaccination card
Ask the clinic that vaccinated your dog for a copy from its records, and keep a photo of every page on your phone. Vaccination card WSAVAstudy
If Your puppy is unwell on the day a dose is due
Call the clinic before you go and say so. Your vet examines the puppy and decides whether to vaccinate that day or wait.
What is normal after a vaccine, and when should you call the vet?
Most dogs show nothing at all. Mild tiredness or a lower appetite for a day or two is common.
PDSA says most dogs have no side effects, and those that do usually have mild ones, such as a slight fever, tiredness or a reduced appetite, that pass within 24 to 48 hours. Cornell's Riney Canine Health Center says the same: serious adverse reactions are rare, and some dogs are just a little sore or extra sleepy for a day or two. Let your puppy rest after the visit, with water in reach.
Serious reactions are extremely rare, PDSA says, but if your dog seems unwell after a vaccine, or anything about it worries you, call your vet straight away rather than waiting to see. After a nasal or oral kennel cough vaccine, WSAVA notes that a small share of dogs cough, sneeze or have a runny nose for a short time; mention it to anyone looking after your dog that week.
How does a Petym sitter use your dog's vaccination record?
At the free meet and greet before the first booking, a Petym sitter asks to see the vaccination card, checks that rabies and the core vaccines are in date for the whole booking, and keeps a photo of it with your dog's plan. If a booster falls due while you are away, write it in the plan and the sitter can take your dog to your vet if you arrange it. In an emergency the sitter calls you and takes your dog to the nearest 24-hour vet on the city's list, with the card, so the vet knows what your dog is protected against.
Going away soon? Tell us your dates.
A checked local sitter feeds, walks and keeps your pet company at home, follows your care sheet to the letter and sends a photo every day. Petym is opening city by city: send your dates and we will tell you when a sitter can take them.
- Meet your sitter first, free
- PAN-checked, first-aid trained
- A photo every day
- Pay through Petym, never cash
Questions owners ask
At what age should a puppy get its first vaccine in India?
- At 6 to 8 weeks of age, and not before 6 weeks in the routine series. ICAR-IVRI and WSAVA both start the core vaccine, usually given as DHPPi, in that window. Doses then follow every 2 to 4 weeks until the puppy is 16 weeks or older, with a booster at about 26 weeks under WSAVA's 2024 guidance.
When does a puppy get the rabies vaccine in India?
- At 12 weeks of age or older. ICAR-IVRI's leaflet adds a second dose 21 days after the first, which WSAVA's schedule does not include, then a booster at one year. India's NCDC and ICAR-IVRI advise yearly rabies vaccination for pets after that. Your vet follows the vaccine leaflet and local rules.
Do adult dogs in India need vaccines every year?
- Some do, and the rest depends on whose guidance your vet follows. Rabies is usually yearly in India and leptospirosis is yearly everywhere. For the core viral vaccines, WSAVA and AAHA say no more often than every 3 years after the first year, while ICAR-IVRI lists them yearly. Your vet decides.
What is the 9-in-1 vaccine for dogs?
- It is a maker's name for a combination vial, not a veterinary term, and brands count components differently. Check the sticker for the core parts (distemper, adenovirus, parvovirus), parainfluenza, how many Leptospira types it carries and whether it includes coronavirus, which WSAVA's 2024 guidelines list as not recommended.
When can my puppy go for walks outside?
- Ask your vet. Merck advises keeping puppies away from unvaccinated dogs, or dogs of unknown status, until about 4 months, and PDSA says a dog is fully protected 2 to 4 weeks after its final injection. Before then you can carry your puppy outside so long as it stays off the ground in public places.
My dog missed its booster. Does it need to start again?
- Usually not for the core vaccines: WSAVA notes most adult dogs regain protection quickly after one dose. Leptospirosis is different: if 18 months or more have passed, WSAVA advises restarting with two doses 2 to 4 weeks apart. Call your vet, bring the card, and book soon, because protection fades after the due date.
Is the leptospirosis vaccine needed for a dog in a city flat?
- Most likely, yes. City walks pass the drains, puddles and garbage points rats use, and cases rise in India's monsoon. ACVIM advises yearly vaccination for all dogs, ICAR-IVRI advises it yearly in high-risk areas, and the Health Ministry's 2026 advisory asks owners to consider it. Your vet will advise.
Which vaccine certificates do Indian city dog licences ask for?
- The anti-rabies certificate from a registered vet, in almost every city that licenses dogs. Delhi's MCD registration ends when the rabies vaccination expires, and Mumbai's BMC also asks for a leptospirosis certificate, signed and stamped. Check your own city's licence page, because each corporation sets its own list.
Keep reading
- Vaccines your dog needs before boardingKennel cough and how far ahead to plan.
- Puppy vaccination plannerYour puppy's dates from its birthday.
- Vaccine due-date checkerThe card's dates against your trip.
- Monsoon care for dogsLeptospirosis, paws and ears.
- Pet registration in IndiaMost cities ask for a rabies certificate.
- Kitten and cat vaccination schedule
Services that help
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Sources
Each source was opened and read on the date shown. How Petym checks its sources
- WSAVA: 2024 guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats: executive summary (opens in a new tab)
- WSAVA: Core and non-core vaccines for pet dogs (opens in a new tab)
- ICAR-IVRI: Vaccination of dogs and cats (Hindi leaflet, 2020) (opens in a new tab)
- ICAR-IVRI: Rabies (leaflet, 2023) (opens in a new tab)
- ICAR-IVRI: Vaccination and deworming of dogs (Hindi leaflet, 2020) (opens in a new tab)
- National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: National Action Plan for Dog Mediated Rabies Elimination from India by 2030 (opens in a new tab)
Show all 47 sourcesShow fewer
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: Pre-monsoon leptospirosis advisory (23 June 2026) (opens in a new tab)
- National Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: National guidelines on rabies prophylaxis (2015) (opens in a new tab)
- World Health Organization: Rabies: fact sheet (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Preventative health care for small animals (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Canine parvovirus infection (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Canine distemper (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Administration of vaccines in animals (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Puppy care (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Leptospirosis in dogs (opens in a new tab)
- Merck Veterinary Manual: Leptospirosis in dogs (opens in a new tab)
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Canine distemper virus (Riney Canine Health Center) (opens in a new tab)
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Parvovirus: transmission to treatment (Riney Canine Health Center) (opens in a new tab)
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Rabies infections and prevention (Riney Canine Health Center) (opens in a new tab)
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Canine leptospirosis (Riney Canine Health Center) (opens in a new tab)
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine: Vaccinations (Riney Canine Health Center health tip, December 2023) (opens in a new tab)
- National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians (US): Compendium of animal rabies prevention and control, 2016 (read in a web-archive copy of a state health department's PDF) (opens in a new tab)
- American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior: Position statement on puppy socialization (opens in a new tab)
- Royal Veterinary College: Vaccination Q&A (Small Animal General Practice) (opens in a new tab)
- PDSA: Dog vaccines (opens in a new tab)
- Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine: Canine enteric coronavirus: information for dog owners (2020) (opens in a new tab)
- MSD Animal Health Indonesia: Nobivac DHPPi (product page) (opens in a new tab)
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (AWBI's copy): D.O. letter and advisories for control of dog population and reducing dog bite cases (11 November 2024) (opens in a new tab)
- Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying (Gazette of India copy on AWBI's site): Animal Birth Control Rules, 2023: G.S.R. 193(E), 10 March 2023 (opens in a new tab)
- Animal Welfare Board of India: Circular and guidelines for pet owners (1 June 2020) (opens in a new tab)
- Municipal Corporation of Delhi: Standard operating procedure for pet dog registration (opens in a new tab)
- Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation: Manual for application for dog licence (opens in a new tab)
- India Meteorological Department: New normal dates of onset and withdrawal of the southwest monsoon (May 2020) (opens in a new tab)
- Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites: Canine guidelines: roundworms (opens in a new tab)
- WSAVA: 2024 guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats (WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group, Journal of Small Animal Practice) (opens in a new tab)
- AAHA (JAAHA): 2022 AAHA canine vaccination guidelines (opens in a new tab)
- Indian Veterinary Journal (Madras Veterinary College, TANUVAS): Evaluation and optimisation of vaccine priming in dogs against rabies (opens in a new tab)
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- ACVIM (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2023): Updated ACVIM consensus statement on leptospirosis in dogs (opens in a new tab)
- Indian Journal of Medical Research (2024), NIMHANS: Recent updates on laboratory diagnosis of rabies (opens in a new tab)
- International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health (2023): India's sustaining challenges to combat rabies elimination: a comprehensive review (opens in a new tab)
- Journal of Veterinary Medicine (2013), TANUVAS Namakkal: Seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies in dogs in and around Namakkal (abstract read) (opens in a new tab)
- Indian Veterinary Journal (2020), Madras Veterinary College: Is canine coronavirus vaccine need to be added as core vaccine schedule in India? (abstract read) (opens in a new tab)
- Veterinary Sciences (2023), University of Milan: Effect of aging on the immune response to core vaccines in senior and geriatric dogs (abstract read) (opens in a new tab)
- Journal of Veterinary Parasitology (2016), Madras Veterinary College: Prevalence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs in Chennai (opens in a new tab)
- Veterinary World (2013): Prevalence of tick infestation in dogs in and around Bhubaneswar (abstract read) (opens in a new tab)
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